Processionary caterpillar outbreak in Île-de France linked to hot weather
Rising temperatures have led to sharp increase in numbers of poisonous insect
Processionary caterpillars are on the rise (inset shows warning issued by authorities in Yvelines)
Shutterstock/ prefecture de Yvelines Facebook
Hot weather in May – including this week’s heatwave – have led to a sharp increase in processionary caterpillars, now spreading through parks, forests and other green spaces.
The situation is particularly severe in the Yvelines department, west of Paris, where the prefecture says there has been an “exceptional” outbreak in several communes in the south of the region.
In response, the prefecture brought together state services, health professionals and local partners to coordinate a response plan aimed at protecting both residents and animals.
On May 28, the prefecture published a message on its official Facebook page and on its website explaining that the caterpillars’ tiny urticating hairs can cause skin irritation, allergic reactions, eye inflammation and breathing problems. Children, allergy sufferers and pets are most at risk.
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Dogs are especially vulnerable, as even brief contact or ingestion can trigger serious reactions.
Local authorities and landowners are already taking action, including spraying treatments, removing nests, setting traps and physically destroying caterpillars. In some areas, public spaces have been partially closed or secured.
Mayors have also been reminded that they can restrict access to heavily infested areas if needed to protect the public.
What are processionary caterpillars?
Processionary caterpillars are a poisonous species of caterpillar that proliferates in oak or pine trees and moves in single file, hence their name.
Since around 2010, the caterpillar’s range has been shifting gradually northwards, especially to the Île-de France region, as a result of global warming.
Simple precautions for residents in France
Authorities are asking residents to take a few simple precautions:
avoid touching caterpillars, nests or cocoons, even if they appear dead
stay away from infested trees and avoid standing underneath them
keep children away from affected areas
keep dogs on a leash and away from wooded areas
wear long clothing when walking in forests or green spaces
avoid rubbing your eyes after being outdoors
avoid drying washing outside near trees where caterpillars are present
After spending time outdoors, it is recommended to wash hands, shower and change clothes if there is any doubt about exposure. Fruit and vegetables from nearby gardens should also be washed carefully.
What to do if symptoms appear
If someone experiences a strong allergic reaction or breathing difficulties, they should call emergency services immediately on 15 or 112.
For milder symptoms such as skin or eye irritation, medical advice should be sought quickly.
Pet owners should also act fast if animals show symptoms such as excessive drooling, swelling or breathing issues.
The prefecture says the outbreak should ease naturally in the coming weeks as part of the caterpillar’s life cycle, but that monitoring and preventive measures will continue in the meantime.
